JSON va API

// Har bir misol qat'iy turlar rejimida ishlaydi.
const JSON_BAYROQLAR = JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE
                     | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES
                     | JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR;

$mahsulot = [
    "id"      => 7,
    "nom"     => "Klaviatura",
    "narx"    => 350000,
    "omborda" => true,
    "turkum"  => null,
    "teglar"  => ["aksessuar", "simsiz"],
    "havola"  => "https://softromeda.uz/mahsulot/7",
];

echo "Bayroqlarsiz:\n";
echo json_encode($mahsulot) . "\n";

echo "\nTo'g'ri bayroqlar bilan:\n";
echo json_encode($mahsulot, JSON_BAYROQLAR) . "\n";

echo "\nO'qishga qulay shaklda:\n";
echo json_encode($mahsulot, JSON_BAYROQLAR | JSON_PRETTY_PRINT) . "\n";

echo "\n";
// ASCII bo'lmagan belgilar bilan farq.
// "\u{02BB}" - o'zbek tutuq belgisi (4-bo'limda ko'rgan edik).
$uz = ["shahar" => "O\u{02BB}zbekiston", "belgi" => "\u{1F418}"];
echo "UNESCAPED_UNICODE siz:   " . json_encode($uz) . "\n";
echo "UNESCAPED_UNICODE bilan: " . json_encode($uz, JSON_BAYROQLAR) . "\n";
echo "\n";
echo "Birinchi qatorda belgilar \\uXXXX kodiga aylandi - JSON to'g'ri,\n";
echo "lekin uni odam o'qiy olmaydi va fayl hajmi ortadi.\n";

$xom = '{"id":7,"nom":"Klaviatura","narx":350000,"omborda":true,"teglar":["a","b"]}';

// Assotsiativ massiv sifatida (ikkinchi argument true)
$massiv = json_decode($xom, true, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
echo "Massiv sifatida:\n";
printf("  nom:     %s\n", $massiv["nom"]);
printf("  narx:    %d (turi: %s)\n", $massiv["narx"], get_debug_type($massiv["narx"]));
printf("  omborda: %s (turi: %s)\n",
       var_export($massiv["omborda"], true), get_debug_type($massiv["omborda"]));

echo "\n";
// Obyekt sifatida (ikkinchi argument false yoki berilmagan)
$obyekt = json_decode($xom, false, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
echo "Obyekt sifatida:\n";
printf("  nom:   %s\n", $obyekt->nom);
printf("  sinf:  %s\n", $obyekt::class);
printf("  teg 1: %s\n", $obyekt->teglar[0]);

echo "\n";
// Buzuq JSON
$buzuqlar = ['{"a":1,}', "{'a':1}", '{"a":}', "salom", ""];
echo "Buzuq JSON larni tekshirish:\n";
foreach ($buzuqlar as $b) {
    try {
        json_decode($b, true, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
        echo "  " . str_pad("'{$b}'", 12) . " OK\n";
    } catch (JsonException $x) {
        echo "  " . str_pad("'{$b}'", 12) . " " . $x->getMessage() . "\n";
    }
}

final class ApiJavob
{
    public function __construct(
        public readonly int $kod,
        public readonly array $tana,
    ) {}

    public static function ok(array $malumot): self
    {
        return new self(200, ["ok" => true, "data" => $malumot]);
    }

    public static function yaratildi(array $malumot): self
    {
        return new self(201, ["ok" => true, "data" => $malumot]);
    }

    public static function xato(int $kod, string $xabar, array $tafsilot = []): self
    {
        $tana = ["ok" => false, "error" => ["xabar" => $xabar]];
        if ($tafsilot !== []) {
            $tana["error"]["maydonlar"] = $tafsilot;
        }
        return new self($kod, $tana);
    }

    public function chiqar(): string
    {
        // Haqiqiy kodda: http_response_code($this->kod);
        //                header("Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8");
        return sprintf(
            "HTTP %d\n%s",
            $this->kod,
            json_encode($this->tana, JSON_BAYROQLAR | JSON_PRETTY_PRINT)
        );
    }
}

$javoblar = [
    ApiJavob::ok(["id" => 7, "nom" => "Klaviatura"]),
    ApiJavob::yaratildi(["id" => 12]),
    ApiJavob::xato(404, "Mahsulot topilmadi"),
    ApiJavob::xato(422, "Ma'lumot noto'g'ri", [
        "narx" => "Musbat son bo'lishi kerak",
        "nom"  => "Bo'sh bo'lmasin",
    ]),
];

foreach ($javoblar as $j) {
    echo $j->chiqar() . "\n\n";
}

<?php
// public/api.php
declare(strict_types=1);

require __DIR__ . "/../vendor/autoload.php";

header("Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8");

$usul = $_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"];
$yol  = parse_url($_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"], PHP_URL_PATH) ?? "/";
$qism = array_values(array_filter(explode("/", trim($yol, "/"))));

// POST/PUT tanasini o'qish - $_POST JSON ni TUSHUNMAYDI
$tana = [];
if (in_array($usul, ["POST", "PUT", "PATCH"], true)) {
    $xom = file_get_contents("php://input");
    try {
        $tana = $xom === "" ? [] : json_decode($xom, true, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
    } catch (JsonException) {
        http_response_code(400);
        echo json_encode(["ok" => false, "error" => ["xabar" => "JSON buzuq"]]);
        exit;
    }
}

// Marshrutlash
$javob = match (true) {
    $usul === "GET"    && $qism === ["api", "mahsulotlar"]
        => ApiJavob::ok($ombor->royxat()),

    $usul === "GET"    && count($qism) === 3 && $qism[1] === "mahsulotlar"
        => ($m = $ombor->top((int) $qism[2])) !== null
            ? ApiJavob::ok($m)
            : ApiJavob::xato(404, "Topilmadi"),

    $usul === "POST"   && $qism === ["api", "mahsulotlar"]
        => ApiJavob::yaratildi($ombor->qosh($tana)),

    $usul === "DELETE" && count($qism) === 3 && $qism[1] === "mahsulotlar"
        => $ombor->ochir((int) $qism[2])
            ? new ApiJavob(204, [])
            : ApiJavob::xato(404, "Topilmadi"),

    default => ApiJavob::xato(404, "Bunday manzil yo'q"),
};

http_response_code($javob->kod);
if ($javob->kod !== 204) {
    echo json_encode($javob->tana, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE | JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
}

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

function apiSorov(string $url, array $tana = [], array $sarlavhalar = []): array
{
    $ch = curl_init($url);

    curl_setopt_array($ch, [
        CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true,
        CURLOPT_TIMEOUT        => 10,          // MAJBURIY - aks holda abadiy kutadi
        CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT => 5,
        CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER => true,        // HECH QACHON false qilmang
        CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST => 2,
        CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION => false,       // yo'naltirishni o'zingiz boshqaring
        CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER     => array_merge(
            ["Content-Type: application/json", "Accept: application/json"],
            $sarlavhalar
        ),
    ]);

    if ($tana !== []) {
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,
            json_encode($tana, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE | JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR));
    }

    $javob = curl_exec($ch);
    $kod   = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
    $xato  = curl_error($ch);
    curl_close($ch);

    if ($javob === false) {
        throw new RuntimeException("So'rov yuborilmadi: {$xato}");
    }

    if ($kod >= 400) {
        throw new RuntimeException("API xato qaytardi: HTTP {$kod}");
    }

    return json_decode((string) $javob, true, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
}