Fayllar bilan ishlash

// Har bir misol qat'iy turlar rejimida ishlaydi.
$ish = sys_get_temp_dir() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . "php_darslik";
if (!is_dir($ish)) {
    mkdir($ish, 0777, true);
}

$fayl = $ish . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . "eslatma.txt";

// Butun faylni bir marta yozish
file_put_contents($fayl, "Birinchi qator\n");

// Oxiriga qo'shish
file_put_contents($fayl, "Ikkinchi qator\n", FILE_APPEND);
file_put_contents($fayl, "Uchinchi qator\n", FILE_APPEND);

// Butun faylni o'qish
$matn = file_get_contents($fayl);
echo "file_get_contents:\n";
echo $matn;

echo "\n";
// Qatorlar massivi sifatida o'qish
$qatorlar = file($fayl, FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES | FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES);
echo "file() bilan: " . count($qatorlar) . " qator\n";
foreach ($qatorlar as $i => $q) {
    echo "  [{$i}] {$q}\n";
}

echo "\n";
printf("Hajmi:    %d bayt\n", filesize($fayl));
printf("Mavjudmi: %s\n", file_exists($fayl) ? "ha" : "yo'q");
printf("O'qish:   %s\n", is_readable($fayl) ? "mumkin" : "mumkin emas");
printf("Yozish:   %s\n", is_writable($fayl) ? "mumkin" : "mumkin emas");

unlink($fayl);
echo "\nO'chirilgandan keyin mavjudmi: " . (file_exists($fayl) ? "ha" : "yo'q") . "\n";

$jurnal = $ish . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . "server.log";

// Sinov uchun jurnal yaratamiz
$satrlar = [];
$darajalar = ["INFO", "WARN", "ERROR", "INFO", "INFO", "ERROR"];
for ($i = 1; $i <= 60; $i++) {
    $daraja = $darajalar[$i % count($darajalar)];
    $satrlar[] = sprintf("2024-09-%02d 10:%02d:00 %s xabar-%d", ($i % 28) + 1, $i % 60, $daraja, $i);
}
file_put_contents($jurnal, implode("\n", $satrlar) . "\n");

echo "Jurnal yaratildi: " . count($satrlar) . " qator, "
   . filesize($jurnal) . " bayt\n\n";

// Qatorma-qator o'qib, statistika yig'amiz
$hisob = ["INFO" => 0, "WARN" => 0, "ERROR" => 0];
$xatolar = [];

$f = fopen($jurnal, "r");
if ($f === false) {
    exit("Fayl ochilmadi\n");
}

while (($qator = fgets($f)) !== false) {
    $qator = rtrim($qator, "\n");
    foreach ($hisob as $daraja => $_) {
        if (str_contains($qator, " {$daraja} ")) {
            $hisob[$daraja]++;
            if ($daraja === "ERROR" && count($xatolar) < 3) {
                $xatolar[] = $qator;
            }
            break;
        }
    }
}
fclose($f);

echo "Darajalar bo'yicha:\n";
foreach ($hisob as $daraja => $soni) {
    printf("  %-6s %3d  %s\n", $daraja, $soni, str_repeat("#", $soni));
}

echo "\nBirinchi uchta xato:\n";
foreach ($xatolar as $x) {
    echo "  {$x}\n";
}

unlink($jurnal);

$csv = $ish . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . "mahsulotlar.csv";

$malumot = [
    ["id", "nom", "narx", "soni"],
    [1, "Klaviatura", 350000, 12],
    [2, "Sichqoncha; simsiz", 120000, 40],
    [3, 'Monitor 24"', 2400000, 5],
    [4, "Quloqchin, katta", 89000, 0],
];

// Yozish - fputcsv qo'shtirnoq va vergulni O'ZI hal qiladi
$f = fopen($csv, "w");
foreach ($malumot as $qator) {
    fputcsv($f, $qator, ",", '"', "\\");
}
fclose($f);

echo "Fayl mazmuni (xom):\n";
echo file_get_contents($csv);

echo "\nO'qish (fgetcsv):\n";
$f = fopen($csv, "r");
$sarlavha = fgetcsv($f, 0, ",", '"', "\\");

$qatorlar = [];
while (($q = fgetcsv($f, 0, ",", '"', "\\")) !== false) {
    $qatorlar[] = array_combine($sarlavha, $q);
}
fclose($f);

printf("  %-3s %-20s %10s %6s\n", "ID", "NOM", "NARX", "SONI");
echo "  " . str_repeat("-", 42) . "\n";
foreach ($qatorlar as $q) {
    printf("  %-3s %-20s %10s %6s\n", $q["id"], $q["nom"], $q["narx"], $q["soni"]);
}

echo "\nOmborda bor mahsulotlar: ";
$bor = array_filter($qatorlar, static fn(array $q): bool => (int) $q["soni"] > 0);
echo count($bor) . " ta\n";

unlink($csv);

$json = $ish . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . "sozlama.json";

$sozlama = [
    "sayt" => "Softromeda",
    "til" => "uz",
    "sahifa_hajmi" => 20,
    "moduller" => ["darslik", "imtihon", "sertifikat"],
    "pochta" => ["host" => "smtp.example.com", "port" => 587, "tls" => true],
];

// Yozish - o'qishga qulay shaklda
file_put_contents(
    $json,
    json_encode($sozlama, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT | JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES)
);

echo "Fayl mazmuni:\n";
echo file_get_contents($json) . "\n";

echo "\nO'qish:\n";
$xom = file_get_contents($json);
$qayta = json_decode($xom, true, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);

printf("  sayt:          %s\n", $qayta["sayt"]);
printf("  sahifa_hajmi:  %d (turi: %s)\n", $qayta["sahifa_hajmi"],
       get_debug_type($qayta["sahifa_hajmi"]));
printf("  moduller:      %s\n", implode(", ", $qayta["moduller"]));
printf("  pochta porti:  %d\n", $qayta["pochta"]["port"]);

echo "\nBuzuq JSON bilan nima bo'ladi:\n";
try {
    json_decode("{buzuq}", true, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
} catch (JsonException $x) {
    echo "  JsonException: " . $x->getMessage() . "\n";
}

unlink($json);

function xavfsizYol(string $asos, string $soralgan): ?string
{
    // 1. Faqat fayl nomini olamiz - katalog qismini tashlaymiz
    $nom = basename($soralgan);

    // 2. Yashirin fayllarni rad etamiz
    if ($nom === "" || str_starts_with($nom, ".")) {
        return null;
    }

    // 3. To'liq yo'lni yasab, haqiqiy joyini aniqlaymiz
    $toliq = realpath($asos . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $nom);
    if ($toliq === false) {
        return null;
    }

    // 4. Natija ASOS katalog ichida ekanini tekshiramiz
    $asosHaqiqiy = realpath($asos);
    if ($asosHaqiqiy === false || !str_starts_with($toliq, $asosHaqiqiy)) {
        return null;
    }

    return $toliq;
}

// Sinov fayllari
file_put_contents($ish . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . "hisobot.txt", "ma'lumot");
file_put_contents($ish . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . ".maxfiy", "yashirin");

$sinovlar = [
    "hisobot.txt",
    "../../../etc/passwd",
    "..\\..\\windows\\win.ini",
    ".maxfiy",
    "yoq-fayl.txt",
    "",
];

printf("%-32s %s\n", "SO'RALGAN", "NATIJA");
echo str_repeat("-", 50) . "\n";
foreach ($sinovlar as $s) {
    $natija = xavfsizYol($ish, $s);
    printf("%-32s %s\n", "'{$s}'", $natija === null ? "RAD ETILDI" : "ruxsat: " . basename($natija));
}

unlink($ish . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . "hisobot.txt");
unlink($ish . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . ".maxfiy");