Ethernet, MAC manzil va ARP

import struct

# Qo'lda yig'ilgan Ethernet kadri (sarlavha + kichik foydali yuk)
manzil = bytes.fromhex("aabbccddeeff")     # kimga
jonatuvchi = bytes.fromhex("001a2b3c4d5e")  # kimdan
tur = struct.pack("!H", 0x0800)             # 0x0800 = ichida IPv4
yuk = b"...IP paketi..."

kadr = manzil + jonatuvchi + tur + yuk

print("kadr uzunligi:", len(kadr), "bayt")
print("o'n oltilik ko'rinishi:")
h = kadr.hex()
for i in range(0, len(h), 48):
    oxir = min(i + 48, len(h))
    qator = " ".join(h[j:j + 2] for j in range(i, oxir, 2))
    print("  " + qator)

import struct

TURLAR = {0x0800: "IPv4", 0x0806: "ARP", 0x86DD: "IPv6"}


def mac(bayt):
    return ":".join(f"{b:02x}" for b in bayt)


def kadrni_och(kadr):
    manzil, jonatuvchi, tur = struct.unpack("!6s6sH", kadr[:14])
    return {
        "kimga": mac(manzil),
        "kimdan": mac(jonatuvchi),
        "tur": TURLAR.get(tur, f"0x{tur:04x}"),
        "yuk": kadr[14:],
    }


kadr = bytes.fromhex("aabbccddeeff001a2b3c4d5e0800") + b"...IP paketi..."
q = kadrni_och(kadr)

print("kimdan:", q["kimdan"])
print("kimga :", q["kimga"])
print("ichida:", q["tur"])
print("yuk   :", q["yuk"].decode())

def mac_tahlil(matn):
    bayt = bytes.fromhex(matn.replace(":", ""))
    birinchi = bayt[0]
    return {
        "manzil": matn,
        # eng past bit: 0 = bitta qurilmaga, 1 = guruhga
        "yuborish": "guruhga" if birinchi & 1 else "bitta qurilmaga",
        # ikkinchi bit: 0 = ishlab chiqaruvchi bergan, 1 = mahalliy
        "kim bergan": "mahalliy" if birinchi & 2 else "ishlab chiqaruvchi",
        "ishlab chiqaruvchi qismi": matn[:8],
        "qurilma qismi": matn[9:],
    }


for m in ["00:1a:2b:3c:4d:5e", "ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff", "02:42:ac:11:00:02"]:
    q = mac_tahlil(m)
    print(q["manzil"])
    print("   yuborish  :", q["yuborish"])
    print("   kim bergan:", q["kim bergan"])
    print("   OUI / qurilma:", q["ishlab chiqaruvchi qismi"],
          "/", q["qurilma qismi"])

class Tarmoq:
    """Bitta LAN - qurilmalar bir-birini eshitadi."""

    def __init__(self):
        self.qurilmalar = {}   # IP -> MAC
        self.efir = []         # tarqatilgan so'rovlar jurnali

    def qosh(self, ip, mac):
        self.qurilmalar[ip] = mac

    def arp_sorov(self, kim_soradi, qidirilayotgan_ip):
        self.efir.append(f"{kim_soradi} tarqatdi: {qidirilayotgan_ip} kimda?")
        return self.qurilmalar.get(qidirilayotgan_ip)


class Kompyuter:
    def __init__(self, nom, ip, mac, tarmoq):
        self.nom, self.ip, self.mac = nom, ip, mac
        self.tarmoq = tarmoq
        self.arp_jadval = {}
        tarmoq.qosh(ip, mac)

    def mac_topish(self, ip):
        if ip in self.arp_jadval:
            print(f"  {self.nom}: {ip} keshda bor - so'rov kerak emas")
            return self.arp_jadval[ip]

        print(f"  {self.nom}: {ip} keshda yo'q - ARP so'rovi tarqatiladi")
        mac = self.tarmoq.arp_sorov(self.nom, ip)
        if mac:
            self.arp_jadval[ip] = mac
        return mac


lan = Tarmoq()
husanboy = Kompyuter("husanboy-pc", "192.168.1.10", "00:1a:2b:3c:4d:5e", lan)
Kompyuter("malika-pc", "192.168.1.20", "00:1a:2b:99:88:77", lan)

print("1-urinish:")
print("  natija:", husanboy.mac_topish("192.168.1.20"))
print("2-urinish:")
print("  natija:", husanboy.mac_topish("192.168.1.20"))
print("yo'q qurilma:")
print("  natija:", husanboy.mac_topish("192.168.1.99"))

print()
print("efirga chiqqan so'rovlar:", len(lan.efir))
for q in lan.efir:
    print("  ", q)